Why the ip packets limits bet (Min:64 byte and Max:1500 byte)? in Ethernet protocol L2

first, reason with min size is using CSMA/CD protocol to mitigate collision in the network.
second ,reason with Max size is to get other share the medium .
so lets start with the first reason in details :
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CSMA/CD The CSMA method does not specify the procedure following a collision. Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) augments the algorithm to handle the collision. In this method, a station monitors the medium after it sends a frame to see if the transmission was successful. If so, the station is finished. If, however, there is a collision, the frame is sent again. To better understand CSMA/CD, let us look at the first bits transmitted by the two stations involved in the collision. Although each station continues to send bits in the frame until it detects the collision, we show what happens as the first bits collide.
three persistence methods
a. 1-Persistent
c. p-Persistent
b. Nonpersistent
Use backoff process as though collision occurred.
Minimum Frame Size For CSMA/CD to work, we need a restriction on the frame size. Before sending the last bit of the frame, the sending station must detect a collision, if any, and abort the transmission. This is so because the station, once the entire frame is sent, does not keep a copy of
. Therefore, the frame transmission time Tfr must be at least two times the maximum propagation time Tp. To understand the reason, let us think about the worst-case scenario. If the two stations involved in a collision are the maximum distance apart, the signal from the first takes time Tp to reach the second, and the effect of the collision takes another time TP to reach the first. So the requirement is that the first station must still be transmitting after 2Tp.
Example 12.5 A network using CSMA/CD has a bandwidth of 10 Mbps. If the maximum propagation time (including the delays in the devices and ignoring the time needed to send a jamming signal, as we see later) is 25.6 μs, what is the minimum size of the frame?
Solution The minimum frame transmission time is Tfr = 2 × Tp = 51.2 μs. This means, in the worst case, a station needs to transmit for a period of 51.2 μs to detect the collision. The minimum size of the frame is 10 Mbps × 51.2 μs = 512 bits or 64 bytes. This is actually the minimum size of the frame for Standard Ethernet,

. Where does the number 512 bits come from? If we consider the transmission rate of the Ethernet as 10 Mbps, this means that it takes the station 512/(10 Mbps) = 51.2 μs to send out 512 bits. With the speed of propagation in a cable (2 × 108 meters), the first bit could have gone 10,240 meters (one way) or only 5120 meters (round trip), have collided with a bit from the last station on the cable, and have gone back. In other words, if a collision were to occur, it should occur by the time the sender has sent out 512 bits (worst case) and the first bit has made a round trip of 5120 meters. We should know that if the collision happens in the middle of the cable, not at the end, station A hears the collision earlier and aborts the transmission. We also need to mention another issue. The above assumption is that the length of the cable is 5120 meters. The designer of the standard Ethernet actually put a restriction of 2500 meters because we need to consider the delays encountered throughout the journey. It means that they considered the worst case. The whole idea is that if station A does not sense the collision before sending 512 bits, there must have been no collision, because during this time, the first bit has reached the end of the line and all other stations know that a station is sending and refrain from sending. In other words, the problem occurs when another station (for example, the last station) starts sending before the first bit of station A has reached it. The other station mistakenly thinks that the line is free because the first bit has not yet reached it. The reader should notice that the restriction of 512 bits actually helps the sending station: The sending station is certain that no collision will occur if it is not heard during the first 512 bits, so it can discard the copy of the frame in its buffer.