Transport network topologies

[rahulkaundal]

It describe how network elements (nodes) are interconnected to enable communication. Key topologies:

1. Chain Topology (Linear Topology)

   • Structure: Nodes are connected in a straight line, where each node is linked to its adjacent neighbor. Data must pass sequentially through each node.

   • Advantages:
     Simple to design and implement.
     Cost-effective, requiring minimal cabling.

   • Disadvantages:
     If any node or link fails, communication beyond the point of failure is disrupted.
     Scalability is limited as the chain becomes longer, leading to increased latency.

   • Use Case: Often seen in simple rural or long-distance backhaul networks where cost and simplicity are primary concerns.

2. Star Topology

   • All network nodes are connected to a central hub or switch, and communication between nodes passes through this central point.

   • Advantages:
     Easy to manage and troubleshoot
     A failure in one node or link doesn’t affect the entire network
     Scalable as new nodes can be easily added without major reconfigurations

   • Disadvantages:
     The central hub is a critical point of failure.
     Higher infrastructure costs

   • Use Case: Widely used in local telecom networks, central offices, and enterprise networks, where performance and ease of management are essential.

3. Ring Topology

   • Each node is connected to exactly two other nodes, forming a closed loop or ring.

   • Advantages:
     Redundancy: If one link fails, the data can still travel in the opposite direction
     Efficient Data Flow: Ideal for networks with consistent traffic patterns

   • Disadvantages:
     A failure in multiple points or nodes could disrupt the entire network.
     Higher latency compared to star topology

   • Use Case: Widely used in metro networks

4. Mesh Topology

   • Every node is interconnected with every other node in the network, either fully or partially.

   • Advantages:
     High Redundancy and Fault Tolerance
     Efficient Load Distribution

   • Disadvantages:
     Costly and Complex
     Challenging Management

   • Use Case: Commonly used in high-demand telecom networks, WANs, and data centers, where high availability, fault tolerance, and minimal downtime are critical.

LinkedIn:

itelcotech academia on LinkedIn: #telecom #technology #learning #platform...