Refarming: How to Transform LTE into NR? 
Refarming is a strategic process that allows the reuse of spectrum allocated to an existing technology, such as LTE, to introduce 5G (NR). This ensures network evolution without the need for additional spectrum allocation, optimizing available resources.
How does the process work?
Planning: It all starts with analyzing the current usage of the band to understand the impact of the change. Ensuring that shutting down LTE does not significantly disrupt existing services is essential.
Hardware Reconfiguration:
- The RRUs (Remote Radio Units) are adjusted to operate in the new mode, now supporting NR.
- The BBU (Baseband Unit) is updated with software capable of supporting 5G.
Logical Reconfiguration:
- Operational parameters, such as earfcnDL and earfcnUL, may change to reflect the transition from LTE to NR.
- New NR cells are created and integrated into the 5G Core, and traffic and control VLANs are adjusted to align with the new configuration.
Testing: Once activated, connectivity tests, KPI monitoring, and compatibility checks with 5G devices are crucial to validate the setup.
LTE Decommissioning: After successful validation, the LTE band is deactivated and fully dedicated to 5G NR.
Why is refarming important?
- Spectral Efficiency: 5G uses spectrum more efficiently, providing greater capacity and improved performance.
- Sustainability: Reusing existing hardware reduces costs and accelerates deployment.
- Enhanced User Experience: Users with compatible devices benefit from higher speeds and lower latency.
Refarming can occur on various bands, such as 2100 MHz, 850 MHz, or others in the future. It plays a crucial role in the evolution of mobile networks, ensuring that advancements in connectivity reach more people 
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What do you think about this process? Did you imagine it was so strategic for the advancement of 5G?
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