Youβre streaming a movie and hit your 3GB data limit. Does your 5G connection just drop? No. Instead, the network executes an elegant, high-speed procedure to manage your session in real-time.
This process is a perfect demonstration of the 5G Service-Based Architecture in action, but the detailed, end-to-end call flows are rarely shown. My new article fills that gap.
This is a deep-dive technical analysis for telecom engineers, network architects, and students. It moves beyond high-level diagrams to provide a complete, 48-step walkthrough of the entire 5G online charging and data throttling procedure, verified against 3GPP standards.
This article is for you if you want to:
Visualize the Complete Flow: See the entire PDU session lifecycle, from the initial PDU Session Establishment Request to the final PFCP Session Deletion.
Understand Proactive Quota Management: Learn how the invisible βQuota Renewal Cycleβ between the SMF, CHF, and UPF works to prevent service interruptions.
Trace the Throttling Mechanism: Follow the exact signaling path when a data cap is reached from the CHFβs Final-Unit-Action trigger to the PCFβs policy decision and the SMFβs QoS enforcement on the UPF.
Clarify Network Function Roles: See the specific messages and parameters exchanged between all key functions (AMF, SMF, PCF, CHF, UPF, and SMSF) in a real-world scenario.
If you work with 5G systems, this end-to-end analysis is designed to be a valuable technical resource. Read the full article here 
I welcome your thoughts and questions in the comments.
Engineer. Al-ali Khalaf
PDF: 
5G Real-Time Charging and Throttling (by Alali Khalaf).pdf (8.8 MB)
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