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DWDM is a multipelxing technology works with optical layer (L0)
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Used to maxImize the use of optical fiber.
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Use transponders , multiplexers and amplifiers to allow the signal converted from colourless to colored.
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Then multiplex alot of data streams carried by different wavelengths to be transported over single fiber cable.
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OTN is a Transport protocol works with electrical layer (L1)
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It allow the mangment , electrical layer grooming , supervision of optical signals.
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ItSs a frame format with high capacity allow transporting the traffic up to 800 Gbps.
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The frame contains payload and overhead.
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The frame consists of 3 layers :
- OPU
- ODU
- OTU
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SDH is a Transport protocol (lower capacity than OTN)
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Used to transport voice and data over optical fiber.
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Support synchronous network.
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Can transport PDH , Ethernet and other types of protocols.
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Support frames from stm 1 with 155 mbps capacity till stm 256 with 40 gbps capacity.
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Commonly we use :
- stm 1 : 155 mbps
- stm 4 : 622 mbps
- stm 16 : 2.5 gbps
- stm 64 : 10 gbps
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The frame contains payload (up to 63 E1) & overhead layers as below:
- RSOH
- MSOH
- POH
- Pointer
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