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VLAN & QinQ are 2 important protocols used in networking: wireless and Transmission.
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VLAN can be used to differentiate services and Traffic clients transmitted on the same network.
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VLAN defined as IEEE 802.1Q.
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VLAN header is 4 bytes.
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Most imports info in the header is the 12 bit VLAN ID.
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IEEE 802.1Q allow use to use up to 4094 VLAN.
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With the expansion and developments in the network domain we need for more VLANs
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That’s why we have to use QinQ.
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QinQ allow use 2 VLAN Tags (inner and outer).
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First tag called C Vlan and 2nd Tag called S VLAN.
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C VLAN is the customer VLAN and used to identify the user.
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S VLAN is the service provider VLAN and it identifies the carrier or provider.
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We can use QinQ in different application scenarios like differentiation between voip services, internet access and IPtV as an example.
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That can be done easily assigning different users a different C VLANs, and assign different S VLANs to different services.
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QinQ defined as IEEE 802.1ad.
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QinQ extend vlan range and allow up to 4094 * 4094 vlans.
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QinQ can connect L2 networks in the same vlan through backbone network.
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Customer router add and remove vlan tag , service provider add and remove s Vlan tag during the traffic flow.
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We can also call it VLAN stacking.
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It’s a way of VPN implementation and used by service providers.
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Later will explain what’s VXLAN and the difference between VLAN , QinQ , VXLAN
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