Encrypted/ciphered Interfaces in IMS/2G/3G/4G/5G

RAN
1

Hi friends, I would like to ask a question.

What are the encrypted interfaces in IMS/2G/3G/4G/5G? Which are mandatory and which are optional?

S1MME, GB, IUPS, SGI, GM-C, GM-U… others?

For example, GM interface is encrypted with IPSEC.

Any comments will be welcome, because I am trying to understand all the interfaces that needs to be encrypted/ciphered or integrity protected for security purposes.

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