Difference Between AAU, RRU, and BBU

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AAU, RRU, and BBU are key components in a telecom network, particularly in modern wireless communication systems like 4G and 5G. Here’s a breakdown of each:

BBU (Baseband Unit)

  • The central processing unit in a base station.
  • Handles baseband signal processing, transmission scheduling, and network interfacing.
  • Usually located in a data center or at the base of a cell tower.
  • Connected to the RRU or AAU via fiber optic cables.

RRU (Remote Radio Unit)

  • Converts digital signals from the BBU into radio signals and vice versa.
  • Mounted near the antenna to reduce signal loss.
  • Helps in improving network efficiency by reducing transmission distances.

AAU (Active Antenna Unit)

  • Integrates the RRU and antenna into a single unit.
  • Used mainly in 5G networks to support massive MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output).
  • Enhances signal strength and coverage, reducing the need for separate RRUs.

Here is a technical diagram comparing AAU, RRU, and BBU in a telecom network. It visually represents their placement and connectivity in a network setup.

Difference Between AAU, RRU, and BBU
Difference Between AAU, RRU, and BBU1024×1024 195 KB

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BBU (Baseband Unit): Responsible for the central processing of the base station, handling signaling, interfaces, and signal processing. It also manages UBBP/WBBP boards.

RRU (Remote Radio Unit): Also known as the Remote Radio Head (RRH), it converts signals from the BBU into RF signals and transmits them to the antenna for downlink (DL) service. It also receives uplink (UL) signals from the antenna, converts them into digital form, and sends them to the BBU for processing.

AAU (Active Antenna Unit): Integrates multiple beams to receive signals from the RRU, which have been converted from the BBU. The AAU enhances signal transmission and reception efficiency.

BBU RRU AAU
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