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The X2 interface is used for communication between RAN nodes in non-standalone operation, such as between eNBs in LTE and between en-gNBs and eNBs in 5G.
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The Xn interface is a new interface specified for communication between RAN nodes in standalone operation, such as between ng-eNBs and gNBs.
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The extensions of X2 include functions for EN-DC (Evolved NodeB – Dual Connectivity) and flow control for split bearers in non-standalone operation.
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X2 interface is used between eNBs in LTE and between RAN nodes in non-standalone operation (between eNB and en‒gNB).
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Xn interface is newly specified between RAN nodes in standalone operation (between ng‒eNB and ng‒eNB/gNB and gNB/ng‒eNB and gNB).
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Extensions of X2 include functions adopting EN-DC and flow control for split bearers for non-standalone operation
Flow control function, which was defined for LTE-DC split bearers in Release 12, is used to split downlink data when using radio resources of multiple RAN nodes. -
Xn is based on the X2 function but with enhanced UE context management function for adopting new QoS flow framework and network slice.
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