What is the significance of User Plane and Control Plane?

RAN
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Centralized Unit – Distributed Unit (CU-DU) Split Base Station | 5G Systems Base Station Architecture

​There are different base station architecture types specified in 5G Systems (5GS):

  • Standalone Base Station
  • Non-Standalone Base Station
  • CU-DU Split Base Station
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In this link you can read about Centralized Unit (CU) - Distributed Unit (DU) Split Base station architecture.