Rank defines the number of independent data streams transmitted simultaneously between the base station and UE in MIMO.
• Rank 1 → Single stream, lower throughput
• Rank 2 → Two streams, higher speed
• Rank 4+ → Massive MIMO, maximum throughput in ideal conditions
Rank depends on:
→ SINR / channel quality
→ UE capability
→ Antenna configuration
Poor SINR or high interference forces the network to lower rank, reducing throughput even when RSRP looks good.
In RF optimization, coverage alone isn’t enough — quality drives Rank, and Rank drives speed.
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